1879 |
Gottlob Frege founds the modern discipline of mathematical logic |
1937 |
Alan Turing presents the concept of the Turing machine. |
1941 |
Alfred Tarski applies model theory to the Calculus of Binary
Relations. |
1962 |
Charles Bachmann develops the Integrated Data Management System
(IDMS) network database. |
1966 |
Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) is developed at IBM. |
1970-1971 |
Edgar F. Codd introduces the Relational Model along with Relational
Algebra and Relational calculus. |
1971 |
Rudolf bayer and Edward McCreight publish paper on B-trees, the
basic indexing mechanism in modern database systems. |
1972 |
Boyce-Codd normal form for relational database design is
introduced. |
1973 |
Charles Bachman wins Turing Award for his work on network
databases. |
1974 |
The theory of functional dependencies and relational normalization
theory taking shape. |
1976 |
Eswaran, Gray, Lorie, and Traiger define isolation levels,
serializability, and two-phase locking. |
Mid 1970s |
Two phase commit introduced and implemented in a number of
systems. |
1976 |
Peter Chen introduces the Entity-Relationship model. |
1977 |
Akifumi Makinouchi describes a nested relational model, a precursor
of the object-relational model. |
1979 |
Home H. Gallaire and Jack Minker introduce logic-based databases,
also known as deductive databases. |
1979 |
Fagin, Nievergelt, Pippenger and Strong define Extensible
Hashing. |
1981 |
Edgar F. Codd wins the Turing Award for his contributions to
database theory. |
1985 |
Active databases introduced. |
1988 |
Deductive and object-oriented databases unified in one model. |
1985-1993 |
Object-oriented and object-relational database technologies are
developed. |
1995 |
Datacube OLAP operators introduced. |
1995 |
The semi-structured data model is developed. |
1998 |
Jim Gray wins the Turing Award for his contributions to the fields
of databases and transaction processing. |
4000-1200BC |
Sumerians put records on stones. |
296BC |
Ptolemy begins collecting books for the Alexandria library. |
200-0BC |
Paper invented in China. |
1450 |
Johannes Guttenberg invents printing press. |
1884 |
Herman Hollerith applies for a patent for punched-card machines. |
1956 |
IBM invents the first computer disk storage system. |
1959 |
G.E. delivers 32 ERMA (Electronic Recording Machine and Accounting)
systems to the Bank of America, ushering in the computerization of the
banking industry. |
1963 |
American Airlines introduces the SABRE airline reservation system.
|
1968 |
IBM releases IMS (Information Management System), the first
commercial DBMS. |
1971 |
CODASYL publishes the Data Base Task Group (DBTG) report on the
network model. |
1974 |
The University of California at Berkeley publicly distributes the
Ingres DBMS using the QUEL query language. |
1975 |
IBM develops System R, an experimental relational DBMS that
introduces many concepts common today including Structural Query
Language (SEQUEL, later called SQL). |
1975 |
Query By Example (QBE), the first graphical query language,
developed at IBM. |
1976 |
SQL specifications published by IBM. |
1977 |
Relational Software Inc., later to become Oracle Corporation, is
founded and is the first company to release a relational database system
based on the IBM System R model and utilizing SQL. |
1983 |
The DB2 database system is released by IBM. |
1986 |
Ingres ships Ingres*, the first distributed relational
database product. |
1986 |
GemStone ships the first object-oriented database system. |
1986 |
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) publishes the SQL
1.0 standard. |
1986 |
LDL, a logic-based database language is implemented at MCC
Corporation. |
1987 |
Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley define the
RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) levels. |
1991 |
Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is developed allowing machines to
transparently communicate with multiple DBMSs. |
1993 |
ODMG 1.0 standard published for object-oriented database systems.
|
1998 |
Unified Modeling Language (UML) is standardized as a modeling tool
for software and data design. |
1998 |
eXtensible Markup Language (XML) is developed as a standard for
information interchange, particularly among DBMSs. |
1999 |
The SQL3 standard is published. |
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